What is Intellectual Disability (ID)

Intellectual disability (ID) is a term used to describe a significant limitation in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, which begins before the age of 18. Individuals with ID have limitations in cognitive functioning, including reasoning, problem-solving, learning, and understanding. They may also experience delays in language development and have difficulties with social and practical skills needed for daily living. Intellectual disability is a lifelong condition that affects people of all races, ethnicities, and backgrounds. The severity of ID can vary widely, with some individuals experiencing mild limitations in intellectual functioning, while others may have more profound cognitive disabilities.

There are many causes of intellectual disability, including genetic factors, prenatal exposure to toxins or infections, and brain injuries or illnesses. Some individuals with ID may also have other disabilities, such as physical or sensory impairments, that can further impact their daily functioning. It is important to note that individuals with intellectual disability are capable of learning and achieving their full potential with appropriate support, accommodations, and specialized instruction. With the right resources and support, people with ID can lead fulfilling lives, participate in their communities, and pursue meaningful careers and activities.